tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-64731497007118896842024-02-18T19:29:37.785-08:00Philippine PeoplesThe Different Ethnic Groups of the PhilippinesAnonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12073889285272912409noreply@blogger.comBlogger3125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6473149700711889684.post-27611883620551366702012-06-02T11:49:00.001-07:002012-06-03T12:30:01.205-07:00Bisaya<table style="float: left" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="244"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="242"><img style="border-right-width: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px" title="Bisaya" border="0" alt="Bisaya" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEja3i-wFFOhI55QMfNng2MRuX2GPKaq1eZqC2vWarmzWZm_l6DXw0ENA1T_UgXNsZ2jeOScnfwkKyDcdh5AuDgL8D3N7yIHxDQNK5hObF-QFo0fgorlcaAdflbLcoc5obCCLHZHiQ0UXgt6/?imgmax=800" width="240" height="336"></td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="242"> <div style="line-height: 80%" align="right"><span style="font-size: xx-small">photo from philstar.com</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Bisaya, also known by the Spanish name Cebuano, are the biggest ethnic group in the Philippines. Without the help of legislation, their language is the lingua franca of half the country, being spoken in the Visayas and Mindanao.</p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="227"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="97">Language:</td> <td valign="top" width="128">Bisaya</td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="98">Ancestral Domain:</td> <td valign="top" width="127">Central Visayas Region</td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="99">Principal City:</td> <td valign="top" width="127">Cebu</td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="99">Native God:</td> <td valign="top" width="127">Kaptan and Magwayen</td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="99">Religious Ritual:</td> <td valign="top" width="127">Sinulog</td></tr></tbody></table><a name='more'></a> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <table style="float: right" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="231"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="229"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKD12j8b6l5Y8avGTbZ8JPgnRlMdA8P6NM8eyEhzNtUn_ZWQbsD3eryec1mxQy8RFWflDsnaITtN9os_jE4U7EqvGHp6SIX7fLhO-H_ngrYJH_d4d4XP21DMK0_B1tJMPop4eQVfPNigod/s1600-h/state%252520of%252520visayas%2525202%25255B3%25255D.png"><img style="border-right-width: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px" title="Bisaya Ancestral Territory" border="0" alt="Bisaya Ancestral Territory" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhc-o7cZtx0l19EhfawN78OvvdDkwdfFcOUD27xzbr0E47MCd_KROAedT4NnM8d3rLIu10RR0nh1iHtzXWXh_JEtHIgnXbKs16oy2G-eybldhjRo_lEbSvYFnJuHZILv1CfAEEtoQvScK5E/?imgmax=800" width="224" height="240"></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="229"> <div style="line-height: 80%" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small">Ancestral territory of the Bisaya, covering the Central Visayas Region</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><strong>Preeminence</strong> <p>Cebu, the Bisaya's beloved city, was the country's first capital. The Bisaya vied with the Tagalog to make Bisaya the national language, and resisted implementation of the Filipino language upon losing the battle. Until now, there's this unique and almost separate culture running in Central Visayas, and the Cebuano allude to their province as the Republic of Cebu.</p> <p><strong>Effervescence</strong> <p>The Bisaya is a race that is dominant without being brutal. If the Tagalog does it by intricate diplomacy, the Bisaya are these lively, very effervescent folk who'd win you over with their humor and laughter. They dance their progress out of the Visayas, and sing their horses on to Mindanao. On an evening filled with fireflies they'd drink wine with you on a rickety table, and next thing you know they're all over your land. </p> <table style="float: left" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="231"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="229"><img style="border-right-width: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px" title="Kaptan and Magwayen" border="0" alt="Kaptan and Magwayen" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgirHtKGZ-euUG-dMQGD_bHcviUONLJFB4aSHOocFxwd4Cvnkcd-jJMvGC7la2fT-mYqf63Wm-ZBzjzYYzRofIO1RSmLLK7XtLHol8S6xXRUitYKcNDBNt9CFag8Tc4DHrMZ4qbxo88Kqzf/?imgmax=800" width="240" height="180"> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="229"> <div style="line-height: 80%" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small">The Heaven and the Abyss are the Bisaya’s supreme gods</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><strong>Gods</strong></p> <p>Kaptan, the Heaven, is the supreme god of the Bisaya. Magwayen, the Abyss, is the supreme goddess. In Visayan mythology, the Heaven and the Abyss are coequal. In the beginning there were only the heaven and the abyss; whereas in the Christian story a god in man’s image and likeness came in to create the earth, no such thing happened in Visayan mythology. The heaven and the abyss themselves were alive. They accidentally created the Philippines when, quarrelling with each other, the Heaven hurled islands over the face of Abyss.</p> <table style="float: right" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="247"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="245"><img style="border-right-width: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px" title="Lapu-lapu" border="0" alt="Lapu-lapu" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDLo5d85PVZpfFv1lMy3q25z58RaVc04dLyQ3kmaKhqwrTYleQuZDDrVY1as1JW3Azemi9FHDswm4qM0PhT2gt6WM5xgiacH6o7syIDYw-UWR5tege6aSc8jmVf0fUMQoVq1668c3H9sLV/?imgmax=800" width="240" height="311"> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="245"> <div style="line-height: 80%" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small">Lapu-lapu, the first Filipino hero, a Bisaya</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><strong>Prominent Member</strong></p> <p>The first Filipino hero, Lapu-lapu, is a Bisaya. He was the first to resist Spanish colonization. Ferdinand Magellan, the first man to have circumnavigated the world and discovered the Philippines, fell in Lapu-lapu’s hands as the latter’s army fended off an attack from the newly arrived Spanish force.</p> <p><strong>Dances</strong></p> <p><a href="http://philippineethnicfestivals.blogspot.com/2012/05/sinulog_27.html#more" target="_blank">Sinulog</a> is the Bisaya’s sacred dance. It is originally a fertility dance, and is still performed as such by indigenous Visayan peoples in the uplands of Panay Island.</p> <p> </p> <div style="padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; width: 425px; padding-right: 0px; display: block; float: none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; padding-top: 0px" id="scid:53357c8b-5919-4e32-8c25-305d27c17a37:6cafb139-d733-4bfa-ac4b-ffca04e34a00" class="wlWriterEditableSmartContent"><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/Z7JuGkA4RJ8" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" wmode="transparent" width="425" height="350"></embed></div> <table style="float: left" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="194"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="192"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigc4l1cQDSUiK1RvWrTzxOTm8scEfD1I45Vfg0I9Ylx0SGQEAjXu6PhnMvRd9_2qkEyJZa9PmaDZ7vf5GEqftkhih4kWZIPcNt5lU17ULSjVDA1RMjXAm3Mf8aUxucpy1qIdK37vjLoKc_/s1600-h/6703235767_277c5d7e74%25255B3%25255D.jpg"><img style="border-right-width: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px" title="Baybayin Bisaya" border="0" alt="Baybayin Bisaya" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjs3KJU-2ACx36hQgPViFTEcX5bnTV0JoRhA_oLqk2jIVZWUD0zWnz3U5_YmzfC3YQAiU0m-xehw8S5NmCAtUYrHAzxOWwGvd6WAFQULYhA1RhoSihN8eZnOriRPaBRFBpXWIy5Z2WO3RAs/?imgmax=800" width="196" height="240"></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="192"> <div style="line-height: 80%" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small">The native alphabet of the Bisaya (image by Akopito Ardinez)</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><strong>Alphabet</strong></p> <p>The Bisaya have their own style of Baybayin, the native alphabet of the Philippines. The script in the image to the left reads “Akoopitoo.”</p> Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12073889285272912409noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6473149700711889684.post-62201469097206213522012-06-01T10:51:00.001-07:002012-06-03T12:28:54.260-07:00Tagalog<table style="float: left" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="244"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="242"><img style="margin: 0px; display: inline" title="Tagalog" alt="Tagalog" align="left" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicOnvaRdXtBTt72ounZ0MFhAiibzTBYIaDH7TPEEjRLssLjUlIKpWfRCQFgTAv4SVRDyTbnBrhuw5VLtfkNGIC1804PesLUKbprC1acxy05WqFhxxXAY8Tln0OKgzhwYFy-sQX6nEORtAz/s300/barong-tagalog4-237x300.jpg"></td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="242"> <div style="line-height: 80%" align="right"><span style="font-size: xx-small"><font size="1">photo from mybarong2.com</font></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Tagalog are the most dominant ethnic group in the Philippines. The national capital are their domain. The national language and costume are theirs too.</p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="236"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="83">Language:</td> <td valign="top" width="151">Tagalog</td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="84">Ancestral Domain:</td> <td valign="top" width="152">Land around Lake Bay, most of CALABARZON, and Marinduque</td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="84">Cultural Center:</td> <td valign="top" width="152">Batangas</td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="84">Native God:</td> <td valign="top" width="152">Bathala</td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="84">Religious Rituals:</td> <td valign="top" width="152">Subli<br>Obando</td></tr></tbody></table><a name='more'></a> <p><strong></strong> </p> <p> </p> <p> <table style="float: right" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="247"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="245"><strong><img style="border-right-width: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; margin-left: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; margin-right: 0px" title="Tagalog Ancestral Territory" border="0" alt="Tagalog Ancestral Territory" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4GnHX8C95xYQsiE0zLpOnnc2v_rdw2Ibc6aBn-78U2tcqVrc_8yeo-gZHjhx4l6okIa1rnDldUVHUEO7cczm4wm6oXKpLRZqQ8EM_rHdgNKlUQORSjZbIurdJnll1K3WIMVLBzgHWTedm/?imgmax=800" width="240" height="171"> </strong></td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="245"> <div style="line-height: 80%" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small"><font size="1">Ancestral territory of the Tagalog, consisting of the Isthmus of Manila, the land surrounding Lake Bay, and the provinces of Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Quezon, as well as Marinduque</font></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></p> <p><strong>Dominance</strong> </p> <p>The Philippine capital — "Imperial Manila" as the countryside disapprovingly calls it — is a Tagalog domain. The Filipino language, enforced by law within the country almost as though all other Philippine languages are non-Filipino, is the Tagalog's language. The national costume, less the Spanish overtones, is Tagalog. And if America hadn't interfered, the Philippines would be known, not as the Republic of the Philippines, but the Republic of Tagalog. Although Metro Manila is the Tagalog’s biggest metropolis, the city of Batangas remains the center of Tagalog culture. <p><strong>Politeness</strong> <p>By how dominant they are, you probably imagined the Tagalog to be a domineering race who'd use any amount of force to control others. No, it’s quite the reverse. The Tagalog are the most polite and diplomatic folk in the country. Their etiquette are very refined, and this high degree of civility is embodied permanently in their language, which is one that's very soft and natively nice and courteous.</p> <table style="float: left" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="231"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="229"><strong><img style="border-right-width: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; margin-left: auto; border-left-width: 0px; margin-right: auto" title="Malakas and Maganda" border="0" alt="Malakas and Maganda" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK5DR4uXXousIWt-anQH3JkSHRsHTHlJxdql5v2ZEycP664D3EiE4JUggVKreVcBHHIFmOmrtEekIulS2_eeCdsyMVhQ_knObvjRrlKtj97W_MUWusrMjvvzGtTzv7Kk0vfRDaUBwFFhqd/?imgmax=800" width="224" height="240"> </strong></td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="229"> <div style="line-height: 80%" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small"><font size="1">The First Man and Woman in Tagalog</font></span></div> <div style="line-height: 80%" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small"></span><span style="font-size: xx-small"><font size="1">Mythology: Malakas and Maganda</font></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><strong>Mythology</strong></p> <p>The Tagalog's self-assumed initiative to lead may be deep-seated in origin. Before Christianity arrived in the Philippines, the Tagalog have this mythology that all people are brothers, having been born of the same couple — Malakas (The Strong) and Maganda (The Beautiful). All human beings once lived in the same family, until, fleeing an exasperated father who came after them with a stick, the siblings spread throughout the world. The children who took refuge in rooms became monarchs and nobles, the siblings who hid behind walls became slaves, the ones who sneaked into the fireplace became the black Negritos, those who ran out of the house became freemen, and still others who ventured beyond the sea came back as foreigners. Even though these peoples have scattered, they're still brothers. And since all Philippine peoples are brothers, they should be one nation: the Tagalog sees to that.</p> <table style="float: right" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="247"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="245"><strong><img style="border-right-width: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; margin-left: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; margin-right: 0px" title="Bathala" border="0" alt="Bathala" align="right" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6ChK_P-y9QYt3gtIPbb4x0LkF-StxjQBFh1EnonMwyThCFni8fCrGK1DTe1AgGLZ0E-Lsf8RpFfYIEUH_IFv6jaDHp93C50f6P7XnCACCQaKgeVIwBoI3I1MOLp0Xe586m4HWKEs5jnVc/?imgmax=800" width="240" height="160"> </strong></td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="245"> <div style="line-height: 80%" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small"><font size="1">Bathala, the ancient god of the Tagalog, is best seen in lightning and thunderbolt</font></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><strong>God</strong></p> <p>Also known as Maykapal, Bathala is the supreme god of the ancient Tagalog. Bathala defeated the Ocean by pelting rocks on her, rocks which became the Philippine islands. Vastly powerful and formidable, Bathala strikes his enemies dead with lightning and thunderbolt. He was absorbed into Christianity as the Philippine name for Yahweh, and is indeed a near-perfect counterpart for a God who comes in a cloud of fire, from which come flashes of lightning and peals of thunder.</p> <table style="float: left" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="198"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="196"><strong><img style="border-right-width: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; margin-left: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; margin-right: 0px" title="Jose Rizal" border="0" alt="Jose Rizal" align="left" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmyvfz-9Hmby-htJw7CrvGzJ2zGd6TXF93DxsnFWElnUuLRbzpSJgVK50BcZFJCAez7Q7qvBjI75ZYY0fFIO7csKJsx9sJzscTNaLP4GV9EGJbtz1kJFJ6hFgejN8QG0PzV0TSVLE1jcY7/?imgmax=800" width="187" height="240"> </strong></td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="196"> <div style="line-height: 75%" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small"><font size="1">Jose Rizal, the Philippine national hero,</font></span></div> <div style="line-height: 75%" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small"></span><span style="font-size: xx-small"><font size="1">a Tagalog</font></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><strong>Prominent Member</strong></p> <p>The Philippine national hero, Jose Rizal, is a Tagalog. He authored a series of two novels, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, both bringing to light the injustices perpetrated by Spanish colonizers and Christian priests in the 19th century. Rizal awakened early in his youth to the love of his country, including his native language, of which he wrote a poem in his childhood.</p> <p> <strong>Alphabet</strong></p> <p>“This language (Tagalog) is like that of others, with their own alphabet and their own characters,” Rizal wrote in his poem, <em>To My Fellow Youth</em>. Indeed, the Philippines had an alphabet of its own called Baybayin, and it was the Tagalog who first invented the script, etched primarily on bamboo shells and banana leaves.</p> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="487"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="485"><img style="border-right-width: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; margin-left: auto; border-left-width: 0px; margin-right: auto" title="Baybayin on Bamboo Shell" border="0" alt="Baybayin on Bamboo Shell" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzUlTNLB911FU9tGYxVUy5ChZA3LXv5x-dDLpXWo4e0MpIRpY_-SZpM5rGpgVLJecMvuEV1CictQpjh2nz1T14FNIPNVxhOBazlXCjjRBe4fLmkTpKW9dUVE8aQbKB5m19g82Xk-U6uens/?imgmax=800" width="480" height="106"></td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="485"> <div style="line-height: 75%" align="center"><span style="font-size: xx-small"><font size="1">Baybayin, the native Philippine alphabet, invented by the Tagalog (photo from mts.net)</font></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p></p> <div style="padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; width: 425px; padding-right: 0px; display: block; float: none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; padding-top: 0px" id="scid:53357c8b-5919-4e32-8c25-305d27c17a37:73ba1a63-bed0-4c48-b6c1-f66e6ad8e74d" class="wlWriterEditableSmartContent"><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/-PaElQdjWoo" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" wmode="transparent" width="425" height="350"></embed></div> <p><strong>Dances</strong></p> <p>Subli and Obando, a fertility dance, are the Tagalog’s sacred dances. Steps from these dances are not confined to the latter two, but have evolved into modern festival dances, such as shown above.</p> <div style="padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; width: 425px; padding-right: 0px; display: block; float: none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; padding-top: 0px" id="scid:53357c8b-5919-4e32-8c25-305d27c17a37:0a7ea788-397a-4706-b3aa-ed4378648307" class="wlWriterEditableSmartContent"><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/Ual3PFMhDsA" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" wmode="transparent" width="425" height="350"></embed></div> <p><strong>Music</strong></p> <p>Ethnic Tagalog music is called Kundiman. Only a very few singers, like Melbelline Caluag, performing above, still practice this style of music.</p> Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12073889285272912409noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6473149700711889684.post-50595108629843772812011-11-17T23:38:00.001-08:002012-05-29T11:16:09.677-07:00Ethnic Map of the Philippines<p align="justify">The Philippines is made up of a colorful diversity of peoples, with over 80 ethnic languages spoken in the country. Below is a tree of the Philippine ethnolinguistic groups, compiled from different studies*, as well as personal knowledge.</p><a name='more'></a> <center><iframe height="3000" src="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/pub?key=0AnvoIbKrZkdcdDk3MnFFV19oN3lzT2xfTjVpaFktakE&single=true&gid=0&output=html&widget=true&chrome=false" frameborder="0" width="500"></iframe></center><span style="font-size: x-small">*Studies include Adelaar and Himmelmann, Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database, and Ethnologue.</span> <p>The most dominant of the Philippine ethnic groups are the Tagalog, followed by the Bisaya and the Ilocano. On the other hand, minority ethnic groups are getting more and more marginalized, their native languages slowly dying. It is believed that a federal government for the Philippines would resolve this threat, especially where it is configured to empower all ethnic groups by setting up, not just federal states, but <i>ethnic</i> states.</p> Unknownnoreply@blogger.com9